Of Providence

God, the great Creator of all things, doth uphold, direct, dispose, and govern all creatures, actions, and things, from the greatest even to the least, by his most wise and holy providence, according to his infallible foreknowledge, and the free and immutable counsel of his own will, to the praise of the glory of his wisdom, power, justice, goodness, and mercy.

Although in relation to the foreknowledge and decree of God, the first cause, all things come to pass immutably and infallibly,104 yet, by the same providence, he ordereth them to fall out according to the nature of second causes, either necessarily, freely, or contingently.105

God, in his ordinary providence, maketh use of means,106 yet is free to work without,107 above,108 and against them,109 at his pleasure.

The almighty power, unsearchable wisdom, and infinite goodness of God, so far manifest themselves in his providence, that it extendeth itself even to the first Fall, and all other sins of angels and men,110 and that not by a bare permission,111 but such as hath joined with it a most wise and powerful bounding,112 and otherwise ordering and governing of them, in a manifold dispensation, to his own holy ends;113 yet so, as the sinfulness thereof proceedeth only from the creature, and not from God; who being most holy and righteous, neither is nor can be the author or approver of sin.114

The most wise, righteous, and gracious God, doth often-times leave for a season his own children to manifold temptations and the corruption of their own hearts, to chastise them for their former sins, or to discover unto them the hidden strength of corruption and deceitfulness of their hearts, that they be humbled;115 and to raise them to a more close and constant dependence for their support upon himself, and to make them more watchful against all future occasions of sin, and for sundry other just and holy ends.116

As for those wicked and ungodly men whom God, as a righteous judge, for former sins, doth blind and harden;117 from them he not only withholdeth his grace, whereby they might have been enlightened in their understandings, and wrought upon their hearts;118 but sometimes also withdraweth the gifts which they had;119 and exposeth them to such objects as their corruption makes occasion of sin;120 and withal, giveth them over to their own lusts, the temptations of the world, and the power of Satan;121 whereby it comes to pass that they harden themselves, even under those means which God useth for the softening of others.122

As the providence of God doth, in general, reach to all creatures, so, after a most special manner, it taketh care of his Church, and disposeth all things to the good thereof.123